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Clinical Implications of ICD-11 for Diagnosing and Treating Personality Disorders

  • Personality Disorders (K Bertsch, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD-11) introduced a new approach to personality disorders and related traits. This paper reviews recent literature on the assessment of ICD-11 personality disorders and implications for clinical diagnosis, decision-making, and treatment.

Recent Findings

We reviewed findings on two measures developed for the ICD-11 model of personality dysfunction and six inventories for the ICD-11 trait specifiers. The psychometric qualities of these tools are promising, and they allow for both rapid screening and fine-grained assessment. Implications for clinical diagnosis and treatment of personality disorders are reviewed including utility for forensic practice. Based on evidence and our experience, we provide some recommendations for severity- and trait-informed interventions.

Summary

Initial evidence supports the available instruments for assessing ICD-11 personality disorders. More research is needed including development of clinician-rating forms and diagnostic interviews as well as treatment protocols and trials based on the new ICD-11 classification.

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Notes

  1. The Standardized Assessment of Severity of Personality Disorder (SASPD) has been proposed as a measure of PD severity according to an earlier draft of the ICD-11 [100]. However, the scale does not fully capture the now official ICD-11 definition of personality disturbance.

References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: •   Of importance •• Of major importance

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Personality Disorder Research (CPDR), Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand Psychiatry, Fælledvej 6, Bygning 3, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark

    Bo Bach

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

    Bo Bach

  3. Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand

    Roger Mulder

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Conflict of Interest

BB has contributed to the preparation of ICD-11 field trials and served as advisor for the ICD-11 personality disorder workgroup. RM was a senior member of the ICD-11 personality disorder work group and has authored clinical guidelines for the ICD-11 personality disorder classification. Both BB and RM have contributed to the development of instruments and authored clinical guidelines for the ICD-11 personality disorder classification.

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Bach, B., Mulder, R. Clinical Implications of ICD-11 for Diagnosing and Treating Personality Disorders. Curr Psychiatry Rep 24, 553–563 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-022-01364-x

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